Physics

This is Physics Lecture Notes

First Book

Unit 1 Mechanics

  • Chapter 1 Units and Measurement
    • 1.1 The Scope and Scale of Physics
    • 1.2 Units and Standards
    • 1.3 Unit Conversion
    • 1.4 Dimensional Analysis
    • 1.5 Estimates and Fermi Calculations
    • 1.6 Significant Figures
    • 1.7 Solving Problems in Physics
  • Chapter 2 Vectors
    • 2.1 Scalars and Vectors
    • 2.2 Coordinate Systems and Components of a Vector
    • 2.3 Algebra of Vectors
    • 2.4 Products of Vectors
  • Chapter 3 Motion Along a Straight Line
    • 3.1 Position, Displacement, and Average Velocity
    • 3.2 Instantaneous Velocity and Speed
    • 3.3 Average and Instantaneous Acceleration
    • 3.4 Motion with Constant Acceleration
    • 3.5 Free Fall
    • 3.6 Finding Velocity and Displacement from Acceleration
  • Chapter 4 Motion in Two and Three Dimensions
    • 4.1 Displacement and Velocity Vectors
    • 4.2 Acceleration Vector
    • 4.3 Projectile Motion
    • 4.4 Uniform and Nonuniform Circular Motion
    • 4.5 Relative Motion in One and Two Dimensions
  • Chapter 5 Newton’s Laws of Motion
    • 5.1 Forces
    • 5.2 Newton’s First Law
    • 5.3 Newton’s Second Law
    • 5.4 Mass and Weight
    • 5.5 Newton’s Third Law
    • 5.6 Common Forces
    • 5.7 Drawing Free-Body Diagrams
  • Chapter 6 Applications of Newton’s Laws
    • 6.1 Solving Problems with Newton’s Laws
    • 6.2 Friction
    • 6.3 Centripetal Force
    • 6.4 Drag Force and Terminal Speed
  • Chapter 7 Work and Kinetic Energy
    • 7.1 Work
    • 7.2 Kinetic Energy
    • 7.3 Work-Energy Theorem
    • 7.4 Power
  • Chapter 8 Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy
    • 8.1 Potential Energy of a System
    • 8.2 Conservative and Non-Conservative Forces
    • 8.3 Conservation of Energy
    • 8.4 Potential Energy Diagrams and Stability
    • 8.5 Sources of Energy
  • Chapter 9 Linear Momentum and Collisions
    • 9.1 Linear Momentum
    • 9.2 Impulse and Collisions
    • 9.3 Conservation of Linear Momentum
    • 9.4 Types of Collisions
    • 9.5 Collisions in Multiple Dimensions
    • 9.6 Center of Mass
    • 9.7 Rocket Propulsion
  • Chapter 10b Fixed-Axis Rotation (A)
    • 10.1 Rotational Variables
    • 10.2 Rotation with Constant Angular Acceleration
    • 10.3 Relating Angular and Translational Quantities
    • 10.4 Moment of Inertia and Rotational Kinetic Energy
    • 10.5 Calculating Moments of Inertia
  • Chapter 10b Fixed-Axis Rotation (B)
    • 10.6 Torque
    • 10.7 Newton’s Second Law for Rotation
    • 10.8 Work and Power for Rotational Motion
  • Chapter 11 Angular Momentum ❌
    • 11.1 Rolling Motion
    • 11.2 Angular Momentum
    • 11.3 Conservation of Angular Momentum
    • 11.4 Precession of a Gyroscope
  • Chapter 12 Static Equilibrium and Elasticity
  • Chapter 13 Gravitation
  • Chapter 14 Fluid Mechanics
    • 14.1 Fluids, Density, and Pressure
    • 14.2 Measuring Pressure
    • 14.3 Pascal’s Principle and Hydraulics
    • 14.4 Archimedes’ Principle and Buoyancy
    • 14.5 Fluid Dynamics
    • 14.6 Bernoulli’s Equation
    • 14.7 Viscosity and Turbulence

Unit 2 Waves and Acoustics

  • Chapter 15 Oscillations
  • Chapter 16 Waves
  • Chapter 17 Sound
    • 17.1 Sound Waves
    • 17.2 Speed of Sound
    • 17.3 Sound Intensity
    • 17.4 Normal Modes of a Standing Sound Wave
    • 17.5 Sources of Musical Sound
    • 17.6 Beats
    • 17.7 The Doppler Effect
    • 17.8 Shock Waves

Second Book

Unit 1 Thermodynamics

  • Chapter 1 Temperature and Heat
    • 1.1 Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium
    • 1.2 Thermometers and Temperature Scales
    • 1.3 Thermal Expansion
    • 1.4 Heat Transfer, Specific Heat, and Calorimetry
    • 1.5 Phase Changes
    • 1.6 Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
  • Chapter 2 The Kinetic Theory of Gases
    • 2.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas
    • 2.2 Pressure, Temperature, and RMS Speed
    • 2.3 Heat Capacity and Equipartition of Energy
    • 2.4 Distribution of Molecular Speeds
  • Chapter 3 The First Law of Thermodynamics
    • 3.1 Thermodynamic Systems
    • 3.2 Work, Heat, and Internal Energy
    • 3.3 First Law of Thermodynamics
    • 3.4 Thermodynamic Processes
    • 3.5 Heat Capacities of an Ideal Gas
    • 3.6 Adiabatic Processes for an Ideal Gas
  • Chapter 4 The Second Law of Thermodynamics
    • 4.1 Reversible and Irreversible Processes
    • 4.2 Heat Engines
    • 4.3 Refrigerators and Heat Pumps
    • 4.4 Statements of the Second Law of Thermodynamics
    • 4.5 The Carnot Cycle
    • 4.6 Entropy
    • 4.7 Entropy on a Microscopic Scale

Unit 2 Electricity and Magnetism

  • Chapter 5 Electric Charges and Fields
    • 5.1 Electric Charge
    • 5.2 Conductors, Insulators, and Charging by Induction
    • 5.3 Coulomb’s Law
    • 5.4 Electric Field
    • 5.5 Calculating Electric Fields of Charge Distributions
    • 5.6 Electric Field Lines
    • 5.7 Electric Dipoles
  • Chapter 6 Gauss’s Law
    • 6.1 Electric Flux
    • 6.2 Explaining Gauss’s Law
    • 6.3 Applying Gauss’s Law
    • 6.4 Conductors in Electrostatic Equilibrium
  • Chapter 7 Electric Potential
    • 7.1 Electric Potential Energy
    • 7.2 Electric Potential and Potential Difference
    • 7.3 Calculations of Electric Potential
    • 7.4 Determining Field from Potential
    • 7.5 Equipotential Surfaces and Conductors
    • 7.6 Applications of Electrostatics
  • Chapter 8 Capacitance
    • 8.1 Capacitors and Capacitance
    • 8.2 Capacitors in Series and in Parallel
    • 8.3 Energy Stored in a Capacitor
    • 8.4 Capacitor with a Dielectric
    • 8.5 Molecular Model of a Dielectric
  • Chapter 9 Current and Resistance
    • 9.1 Electrical Current
    • 9.2 Model of Conduction in Metals
    • 9.3 Resistivity and Resistance
    • 9.4 Ohm’s Law
    • 9.5 Electrical Energy and Power
    • 9.6 Superconductors
  • Chapter 10 Direct-Current Circuits
    • 10.1 Electromotive Force
    • 10.2 Resistors in Series and Parallel
    • 10.3 Kirchhoff’s Rules
    • 10.4 Electrical Measuring Instruments
    • 10.5 RC Circuits
    • 10.6 Household Wiring and Electrical Safety
  • Chapter 11 Magnetic Forces and Fields
  • Chapter 12 Sources of Magnetic Fields
  • Chapter 13 Electromagnetic Induction
  • Chapter 14 Inductance
  • Chapter 15 Alternating-Current Circuits
  • Chapter 16 Electromagnetic Waves

Third Book

Unit 1 Optics

  • Chapter 1 The Nature of Light
    • 1.1 The Propagation of Light
    • 1.2 The Law of Reflection
    • 1.3 Refraction
    • 1.4 Total Internal Reflection
    • 1.5 Dispersion
    • 1.6 Huygens’s Principle
    • 1.7 Polarization
  • Chapter 2 Geometric Optics and Image Formation
    • 2.1 Images Formed by Plane Mirrors
    • 2.2 Spherical Mirrors
    • 2.3 Images Formed by Refraction
    • 2.4 Thin Lenses
    • 2.5 The Eye
    • 2.6 The Camera
    • 2.7 The Simple Magnifier
    • 2.8 Microscopes and Telescopes
  • Chapter 3 Interference
    • 3.1 Young’s Double-Slit Interference
    • 3.2 Mathematics of Interference
    • 3.3 Multiple-Slit Interference
    • 3.4 Interference in Thin Films
    • 3.5 The Michelson Interferometer
  • Chapter 4 Diffraction
    • 4.1 Single-Slit Diffraction
    • 4.2 Intensity in Single-Slit Diffraction
    • 4.3 Double-Slit Diffraction
    • 4.4 Diffraction Gratings
    • 4.5 Circular Apertures and Resolution
    • 4.6 X-Ray Diffraction
    • 4.7 Holography

Unit 2 Modern Physics

  • Chapter 5 Relativity
  • Chapter 6 Photons and Matter Waves
  • Chapter 7 Quantum Mechanics
  • Chapter 8 Atomic Structure
  • Chapter 9 Condensed Matter Physics
  • Chapter 10 Nuclear Physics
  • Chapter 11 Particle Physics and Cosmology